🔹 Fundamentals of Accounting

• Meaning and Definition of Accounting

• Objectives of Accounting

• Functions of Accounting

• Users of Accounting Information

🔹 Basic Accounting Concepts

• Capital

• Assets

• Liabilities

• Income

• Expenses

• Drawings

🔹 Accounting Principles & Assumptions

• Business Entity Concept

• Going Concern Concept

• Accounting Period Concept

• Money Measurement Concept

• Accrual Concept

• Consistency Concept

🔹 Accounting Equation

• Assets = Liabilities + Capital

• Effect of transactions on equation

🔹 Types of Accounts

• Personal Accounts

• Real Accounts

• Nominal Accounts

🔹 Rules of Debit and Credit

• Golden Rules of Accounting

• Application of rules

🔹 Accounting Vouchers

• Cash Voucher

• Credit Voucher

• Debit & Credit Notes (basic idea)

🔹 Journal

• Meaning of Journal

• Format of Journal

• Simple Journal Entries

🔹 Ledger

• Meaning of Ledger

• Posting from Journal to Ledger

• Balancing of Ledger Accounts

🔹 Trial Balance

• Meaning and Objectives

• Preparation of Trial Balance

• Errors in Trial Balance (basic idea)

🔹 Introduction to Final Accounts

• • Trading Account (basic idea)

  • Profit & Loss Account (basic idea)

  • Balance Sheet (basic idea)

🔹 Basic Excel

• Introduction to Microsoft Excel

• Workbook & Worksheet

• Rows, Columns, Cells

• Data entry & formatting

🔹 Formatting (Important for Clean Work)

• Font, alignment, borders

• Number formatting (₹, %, date)

• Conditional formatting

🔹 Basic Formulas

• Sum, Average, Count

• Min, Max

• Percentage calculation

🔹 Logical Functions

• IF function

• Nested IF

• AND, OR functions

🔹 Lookup Functions (Very Important 🔥)

• VLOOKUP

• HLOOKUP

• XLOOKUP (latest)

🔹 Text Functions

• LEFT, RIGHT, MID

• LEN, TRIM

• CONCAT / TEXTJOIN

🔹 Date & Time Functions

• TODAY, NOW

• DATEDIF

• EOMONTH

🔹 Data Handling

• Sort & Filter

• Remove duplicates

• Data validation (dropdown list)

🔹 Pivot Table (Must Learn 🔥)

• Create pivot table

• Summarize data

• Reports for business

🔹 Charts & Visualization

• Bar chart

• Pie chart

• Line chart

🔹 Accounting Practical in Excel

• Salary sheet preparation

• GST working sheet

• Profit & Loss statement

• Balance sheet format

• Expense tracker

🔹 Basic Understanding

• What is Balance Sheet

• Structure of Balance Sheet

• Assets = Liabilities concept

🔹 Assets Side (What Business Owns)

• Fixed Assets (Furniture, Machinery)

• Current Assets (Cash, Bank, Stock)

• Trade Receivables (Debtors)

• Inventory / Closing Stock

• Loans & Advances

🔹 Liabilities Side (What Business Owes)

• Capital / Owner’s Fund

• Drawings adjustment

• Trade Payables (Creditors)

• Loans (secured & unsecured)

• Outstanding Expenses

• Income received in advance

🔹 Equity Section

• Capital introduction

• Profit addition

• Drawings deduction

🔹 Finalization Process (Most Important 🔥)

• Trial Balance to Balance Sheet

• Adjustments entry

• Closing entries

• Matching concept

🔹 Adjustments (Practical Work)

• Depreciation

• Outstanding expenses

• Prepaid expenses

• Accrued income

• Closing stock adjustment

🔹 Depreciation Practical

• Straight Line Method

• Written Down Value (WDV)

🔹 Related Statements

• Profit & Loss Account

• Trading Account

🔹 Ledger to Balance Sheet Flow

• Journal → Ledger → Trial Balance → Balance Sheet

🔹 Business Practical Cases

• Balance sheet of small business

• Proprietorship balance sheet

• Service business vs trading business

🔹 Analysis (Advanced)

• Ratio analysis (basic)

• Working capital analysis

• Financial position check

🔹 Basics of TallyPrime

• Introduction to Tally

• Company creation

• Company alteration & deletion

• Features & configuration

🔹 Masters Creation (Very Important 🔥)

• Ledger creation

• Group creation

• Stock items

• Units of measurement

• Godown (inventory)

🔹 Accounting Vouchers

• Payment voucher

• Receipt voucher

• Contra voucher

• Journal voucher

• Purchase voucher

• Sales voucher

🔹 GST in Tally

• GST enable in Tally

• GST ledger creation

• GST invoice entry (purchase/sales)

• CGST, SGST, IGST working

• GST reports

🔹 Inventory Management

• Stock group

• Stock category

• Purchase & sales with inventory

• Stock valuation

🔹 Banking

• Bank ledger

• Bank reconciliation (BRS)

• Cheque printing

🔹 Payroll (Basic)

• Employee creation

• Salary structure

• Payroll entry

🔹 Reports (Most Important 🔥)

• Day book

• Ledger report

• Trial balance

• Profit & Loss

• Balance sheet

🔹 Finalization Work

• Adjustments entries

• Depreciation entry

• Closing stock

• Final accounts in Tally

🔹 GST Returns from Tally

• GSTR-1 report

• GSTR-3B report

• Export data for filing

🔹 Data Management

• Backup & restore

• Data security

• User roles

🔹 Practical Business Work

• Complete accounting of a firm

• GST billing

• Expense & income tracking

• Monthly closing

🔹 Advanced (Job Level 🚀)

• • Cost center & cost category

  • Budgeting

  • Multi-currency

  • Job costing (basic)

🧾 Registration Work

• GST registration apply

• Amendment & cancellation

💻 GST Portal Handling

• Dashboard use

• Notices check

• Certificate download

🧮 Invoice Practical

• GST invoice (B2B/B2C)

• HSN/SAC codes

• Debit/Credit notes

📊 Return Filing (Core Work 🔥)

• GSTR-1 (sales)

• GSTR-3B (summary return)

• NIL return

• Return correction

📘 GSTR-9 (Annual Return) – Practical

• What is GSTR-9

• Who needs to file GSTR-9

• Data collection (GSTR-1 + GSTR-3B + Books)

• How annual data reconcile ?

• ITC reconciliation in GSTR-9

• Late fees & due date

• GSTR-9 filing on portal

📥 Purchase & ITC Work

• Purchase entry

• ITC claim

• GSTR-2B matching

• ITC reversal

💰 GST Payment

• Challan creation

• Payment & ledger adjustment

📦 E-Way Bill

• Generate E-way bill

• Cancel E-way bill

🔄 Reconciliation

• GSTR-1 vs 3B

• Books vs GST

• ITC mismatch

📤 Refund & Export

• LUT apply

• Refund filing

⚖️ Notices & Compliance

• Notice reply

• Penalty handling

🏪 Business Cases

• Small business GST

• Composition scheme

• Service vs trader GST

🧠 Advanced Practical

• RCM entries

• Job work

• E-invoicing

• TDS/TCS

🔹 Step 1: Client Data Collection

• PAN card

• Aadhaar card

• Bank details

• Mobile & email

• Previous year ITR

🔹 Step 2: Documents Collection (Income Based)

💼 Salary Person

• Form 16

• Salary slips

🏢 Business / Freelancer

• Profit & Loss (P&L)

• Balance Sheet

📈 Other Income

• Bank interest statement

• Capital gains statement (shares, mutual funds)

• Rental income details

🔹 Step 3: Check Tax Data

• Form 26AS check

• AIS (Annual Information Statement)

• TIS (Taxpayer Information Summary)

🔹 Step 4: Select Correct ITR Form

• ITR-1 → Salary (simple)

• ITR-2 → Capital gains / multiple income

• ITR-3 → Business income

• ITR-4 → Presumptive income (44AD/44ADA)

🔹 Step 5: Choose Tax Regime

• Old vs New regime comparison

• Select beneficial option

🔹 Step 6: Income Calculation

• Add all income heads

• Salary + business + other income

• Capital gains calculation

🔹 Step 7: Deduction Claim

• 80C, 80D, 80G etc.

• Calculate total deductions

🔹 Step 8: Tax Calculation

• Compute total income

• Apply slab rates

• Add cess (4%)

• Adjust TDS

🔹 Step 9: File ITR on Portal

• Login to income tax portal

• Select assessment year

• Fill all details

• Validate & submit

🔹 Step 10: E-Verification (Very Important 🔥)

• Aadhaar OTP

• Net banking

• Bank account verification

🔹 Step 11: Check Refund / Demand

• Refund status

• Demand (if any tax payable)

🔹 Step 12: Post Filing Work

• Download ITR acknowledgment (ITR-V)

• Keep record for future

• Revise return if mistake

🔹 Basic Practical Understanding

• PAN application & correction

• Types of taxpayers (Individual, Firm, Company)

• Residential status determination

• Old vs New Tax Regime selection

🔹 Income Heads (Real Calculation Work)

• Salary income (Form 16 working)

• House Property income (rent, interest)

• Business & Profession income (P&L based)

• Capital Gains (shares, property)

• Other Sources (interest, etc.)

🔹 Deductions & Tax Saving

• Section 80C (LIC, PF, ELSS)

• Section 80D (medical insurance)

• Section 80G (donation)

• Other deductions practical use

🔹 TDS (Very Important 🔥)

• TDS on salary

• TDS on contractor/professional

• How to check TDS in Form 26AS

• TDS return filing (practical)

🔹 Advance Tax

• Advance tax calculation

• Due dates & payment

• Interest calculation (234B, 234C)

🔹 Income Tax Return (ITR Filing 🔥)

• ITR types (ITR-1, ITR-2, ITR-3, ITR-4)

• Selecting correct ITR

• Filing ITR online

• NIL return filing

• Revised return

• Defective return correction

🔹 Form Handling (Practical Work)

• Form 16 (salary)

• Form 26AS (tax credit)

• AIS/TIS report

• Form 15CA/CB basics

🔹 Tax Calculation

• Total income calculation

• Tax liability calculation

• Rebate & surcharge

• Health & education cess

🔹 Refund & Verification

• ITR verification (E-verify)

• Refund status check

• Bank pre-validation

🔹 Notices & Compliance

• Income tax notice types

• How to reply to notice

• Late filing penalties

🔹 Business Practical

• Tax for freelancers

• Tax for traders (intraday, F&O, crypto)

• Presumptive taxation (44AD, 44ADA)

• Books of accounts basics

🔹 Advanced Practical

• Capital gain working (LTCG/STCG)

• Set-off & carry forward of losses

• Depreciation calculation

• Audit basics (44AB)

💰 TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) Topics

🔹 Basics of TDS

• Meaning and purpose of TDS

• Who deducts TDS and when

• TDS rates (basic overview)

• TDS vs TCS

🔹 TDS on Salary

• Employer deducts TDS

• Form 16 (practical use)

• Salary breakup & exemptions

🔹 TDS on Non-Salary

• Contractors & professionals (Section 194C / 194J)

• Rent (Section 194-I)

• Interest (Section 194A)

• Commission/Fees (Section 194H / 194O)

🔹 TDS Deduction Process

• When to deduct

• How to calculate TDS

• Threshold limits

• TDS payment challan (Challan 281)

🔹 TDS Returns

• Forms: 26Q, 27Q (practical filling)

• Quarterly filing

• Correction & late filing

🔹 TDS Certificates

• Form 16 (Salary)

• Form 16A (Non-Salary)

• Issuing certificate in Tally / Excel

🔹 TDS Reconciliation

• Form 26AS checking

• TDS mismatch resolution

• Interest/penalty on late payment

💰 TCS (Tax Collected at Source) Topics

🔹 Basics of TCS

• Meaning and purpose of TCS

• Who collects TCS

• TCS vs TDS

🔹 TCS on Specific Transactions

• Sale of goods (Section 206C)

• Sale of scrap, minerals, timber

• Export & import transactions (if applicable)

🔹 TCS Collection & Deposit

• How to calculate TCS

• Depositing TCS to government (Challan 281)

• Threshold limits

🔹 TCS Returns

• Filing TCS returns (Form 27EQ)

• Due dates & late filing

• Correction process

🔹 Practical Points

• Recording TDS/TCS in Tally / Excel

• Linking TDS/TCS to Income Tax return

🔹 Basics of Payroll

• What is payroll & its importance

• Employer & employee obligations

• Components of payroll

🔹 Employee Master Setup

• Employee creation (personal details, salary structure)

• Departments & designations

• Employee code / ID management

🔹 Salary Components

• Basic salary

• Allowances (HRA, DA, Conveyance, Special Allowance)

• Bonuses & Incentives

• Deductions (PF, ESI, Professional Tax, TDS)

• Gross salary vs Net salary

🔹 Statutory Compliance

• Provident Fund (PF) calculation & contribution

• Employee State Insurance (ESI)

• Professional Tax (PT)

• Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) on salary

• Labour welfare fund (if applicable)

🔹 Payroll Calculation

• Gross salary computation

• Deduction calculation

• Net salary payable

• Overtime & leave adjustment

🔹 Payroll Accounting in Tally / Excel

• Salary voucher entry

• Ledger creation for salary & deductions

• Monthly salary posting

• Payment of net salary to bank

🔹 Payslips

• Payslip generation

• Salary breakup display

• Compliance with statutory reporting

🔹 Payroll Reports

• Monthly salary register

• PF & ESI reports

• TDS on salary report

• Employee-wise payroll summary

🔹 Advanced Payroll Topics

• Loan & advance recovery from salary

• Bonus / Gratuity / Leave encashment

• Payroll for contractual & part-time employees

• Integration with attendance & HR software

🔹 Real Business Practical

• • Monthly salary processing

  • Compliance filing (PF, ESI, PT, TDS)

  • Audit-ready payroll reports

🔹 Career Options in Accounting & Finance

• Accountant (Junior / Senior / Chartered)

• Tax Consultant (GST / Income Tax)

• Tally / Excel Specialist

• Payroll Manager

• Auditor / Internal Auditor

• Financial Analyst

• Business Consultant

🔹 Skill Development for Careers

• Accounting basics (Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance)

• GST practical handling

• Income Tax filing & TDS/TCS knowledge

• Tally Prime & Excel efficiency

• Payroll management

• Analytical & problem-solving skills

🔹 Resume / CV Preparation

• Format of accounting / finance resume

• Key sections: Objective, Education, Skills, Experience

• Highlighting practical skills (Tally, Excel, GST, Tax)

🔹 Job Portals & Application

• LinkedIn, Naukri, Shine, Indeed

• How to search for accounting / finance jobs

• How to apply for internships & entry-level jobs

🔹 Interview Preparation (Accounting / Finance)

• Common accounting interview questions

• GST & Income Tax practical questions

• Tally / Excel scenario-based questions

• Payroll & finance reporting questions

🔹 Soft Skills for Interviews

• Communication skills

• Body language & confidence

• Time management

• Professional ethics & workplace behavior

🔹 Mock Interviews & Practice

• Conduct mock interviews

• Scenario-based problem solving

• Resume discussion & self-presentation

🔹 Advanced Career Guidance

• Freelancing in accounting / tax / payroll

• Starting own accounting / GST practice

• Online accounting & finance courses for upskilling

• Certifications (Tally, GST Practitioner, Payroll, Excel Advanced)

🔹 Placement Tips

• • How to prepare for written tests (Tally, Excel, GST)

  • How to answer HR questions

  • Salary negotiation tips

  • Career growth roadmap in accounting & finance